Can You Work in Canada Without a Work Permit?
Most foreign nationals need a valid work permit before they start working in Canada. A work permit is an official document issued by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) that allows you to work legally for a specific period. In certain situations, such as some business visitors, performing artists or foreign representatives, a permit may not be required. Because the rules depend on your job and personal situation, it’s important to confirm your eligibility before you start working.
Types of Canadian Work Permits
Canada offers two main categories of work permits. The right one depends on your job offer, your qualifications and your immigration status.
Employer-Specific Work Permit
An employer-specific work permit lets you work for one named employer, in a particular job and location, for a set period. In many cases your employer must first obtain a Labour Market Impact Assessment (LMIA) or be exempt from this requirement. If you want to change employers, you will usually need a new work permit.
Open Work Permit
An open work permit lets you work for almost any employer in Canada. It is only available in certain situations, for example for some spouses or partners of skilled workers and international students, some recent graduates, and certain participants in International Experience Canada. Your eligibility depends on the program you apply under.
Who Can Apply for a Canada Work Permit?
Eligibility depends on the type of permit, but you will generally need to show that:
- You have a valid job offer, or you qualify for an open work permit.
- You will leave Canada when your permit expires.
- You can support yourself and your family while in Canada.
- You have no criminal record and are not a security risk.
- You are in good health and, if required, pass a medical exam.
- You meet any other requirements of the program you apply under.
Documents Required for a Canada Work Permit
The exact list depends on your situation, but most applicants need:
- A valid passport.
- A job offer letter and, where required, an LMIA or an offer of employment number.
- Proof of your education, training and work experience.
- Recent passport-sized photos.
- Proof of funds.
- Police certificates, if requested.
- A medical exam result, if required.
- Language test results, if your program asks for them.
Always check the IRCC document checklist generated for your application, because it may differ from this list.
How to Apply for a Canada Work Permit
- Check your eligibility. Confirm which work permit category applies to you.
- Get your job offer. If you need an employer-specific permit, make sure your employer has completed the required steps.
- Gather your documents. Prepare every document on your IRCC checklist.
- Apply online. Create an IRCC account, complete the forms and upload your documents.
- Pay the fees. Pay the processing fee and any other fees shown during your application.
- Give your biometrics. If required, book an appointment at an application support centre.
- Wait for a decision. Processing times vary by country and permit type, so check IRCC’s website for current times.
- Receive your approval. If approved, you will get documents that you show to the border officer when you arrive in Canada.
Canada Work Permit Fees and Processing Times
Fees and processing times change regularly and differ by permit type. Check the IRCC website for the latest figures before you apply, so you don’t pay the wrong amount or plan around outdated timelines.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to get a Canada work permit?
Processing times vary depending on your country, the permit type and whether you apply online or on paper. IRCC publishes current estimates on its website.
Can I bring my family to Canada on a work permit?
In many cases your spouse or partner can apply for an open work permit, and your children can apply to study or visit. This depends on your own permit and job category.
Can I change employers on a work permit?
If you hold an employer-specific permit, you usually need a new work permit before working for a different employer. An open work permit lets you change employers more freely.
Can a work permit lead to permanent residence?
Yes. Canadian work experience can help you qualify for programs such as Express Entry and some provincial nominee programs. You can read more in our guide to Canada Express Entry: Tips to Improve Your CRS Score.
Should I use an immigration consultant?
A licensed consultant can help you choose the right permit and avoid mistakes. Before you choose, read our guide to Canada Immigration Consultant Fees.
Contact REG Immigration
Applying for a work permit can be confusing, and small mistakes can cause delays or refusals. The team at REG Immigration can review your situation, explain your options and guide you through each step. Book a consultation with REG Immigration today to take the first step toward working in Canada.